Rajwal, Swati, and Avinash Kumar Pandey. 2025. “Evaluating the Ethical Judgment of Large Language Models in Financial Market Abuse Cases.”
Publications
2025
Klein, AZ, T Dasgupta, Flores Amaro, S Jana, S Khademi, G Lopez-Garcia, T Onishi, et al. 2025. “Overview of the 10th Social Media Mining for Health (#SMM4H) and Health Real-World Data (HeaRD) Shared Tasks at ICWSM 2025”. 19th International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media.
Walker, Andrew, Jerik Leung, Aishwarya Alagappan, Swati Rajwal, Sahithi Lakamana, Tricia Park, Nathan Le, et al. (2025) 2025. “Centering Patient Voices in Lupus Pain: A Biopsychosocial Analysis of Reddit Narratives Using Large Language Models.”. Arthritis Care & Research. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.25687.
OBJECTIVE: Patients with chronic illness share their experiences in online communities, generating rich data on pain management. This study applied natural language processing methods, including large language models, to Reddit discussions from lupus communities to characterize multidimensional pain experiences framed in the biopsychosocial model.
METHODS: We extracted Reddit posts from the r/Lupus and r/LupusSupport subreddits posted from June 9, 2010 through December 31, 2023. Pain-related posts were identified using a clinically informed pain lexicon. Topic modeling was used to identify thematic patterns, which were then compared to structured summaries generated by an LLM instruction fine-tuned using the biopsychosocial model of pain. Two reviewers conducted content analysis of the LLM-generated summaries, evaluating thematic accuracy and coverage.
RESULTS: Data from Reddit included 31,785 posts, from 10,857 authors. We identified common pain complaints, management strategies, and sociocultural, affective, and nociplastic dimensions of pain. Instruction fine-tuned LLMs produced structured summaries with an average thematic accuracy score of 3.1 out of 4 (kappa = .09) and content coverage score of 2.9 out of 4 (kappa = .38). Sociocultural features presented in 123 posts (33.8%), including peer support and validation (n=106) and provider interactions or access issues (n=35). Nociplastic pain presented in 205 posts (56.3%).
CONCLUSION: NLP methods can be used to extract rich, multidimensional insights about pain experiences from online communities focused on lupus. These approaches highlight the psychological, social, and cultural facets of pain that may be underrepresented in clinical settings, supporting more patient-centered approaches to care in rheumatology.
Walker, Drew, Swati Rajwal, Sudeshna Das, Snigdha Peddireddy, and Abeed Sarker. 2025. “Identifying Social Isolation Themes in NVDRS Text Narratives Using Topic Modeling and Text-Classification Methods”. ArXiv Preprint ArXiv:2506.15030.
Rajwal, Swati, and Avinash Kumar Pandey. 2025. “Connecting With Your Future Professor: A Practical Guide”. XRDS: Crossroads, The ACM Magazine for Students 31 (3): 10-11.
Salazar, Israfel, Manuel Fern\ andez Burda, Shayekh Bin Islam, Arshia Soltani Moakhar, Shivalika Singh, Fabian Farestam, Angelika Romanou, et al. 2025. “Kaleidoscope: In-Language Exams for Massively Multilingual Vision Evaluation”. ArXiv Preprint ArXiv:2504.07072.
Ge, Yao, Yuting Guo, Sudeshna Das, Swati Rajwal, Selen Bozkurt, and Abeed Sarker. 2025. “HILGEN: Hierarchically-Informed Data Generation for Biomedical NER Using Knowledgebases and Large Language Models”. ArXiv Preprint ArXiv:2503.04930.
Zheng, Xuanci, Swati Rajwal, Carl Ashworth, Sharon Yuen Shan Ho, Ben Seymour, Nicholas Shenker, and Flavia Mancini. 2025. “Short-Term Variability of Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain”. MedRxiv, 2025-01.
Rajwal, Swati, Ziyuan Zhang, Yankai Chen, Hannah Rogers, Abeed Sarker, Yunyu Xiao, and . 2025. “Applications of Natural Language Processing and Large Language Models for Social Determinants of Health: Protocol for a Systematic Review”. JMIR Research Protocols 14 (1): e66094.
Das, Sudeshna, Yao Ge, Yuting Guo, Swati Rajwal, JaMor Hairston, Jeanne Powell, Drew Walker, et al. 2025. “Two-Layer Retrieval-Augmented Generation Framework for Low-Resource Medical Question Answering Using Reddit Data: Proof-of-Concept Study”. Journal of Medical Internet Research 27: e66220.